What are usury laws and how might they affect consumer credit?

Usury laws specify the maximum legal interest rate at which loans and credit card accounts can be extended.  A bill for one such law is soon to be introduced to the House of Representatives and would cap the interest rate on all credit card accounts at 16%.  While the goal is to lower interest rates for applicants that represent a high-risk to creditors, usury laws will actually hurt this very segment of consumers.

If passed, banks are not likely to respond to usury laws by extending credit to everyone that applies at a rate of 16 percent or lower.  The more likely repercussion is that banks will deny credit to consumers whose credit histories do no warrant an interest rate at or below the usury law’s cap. Thus, if passed, usury laws will prevent an entire segment of consumers from acquiring credit when they need it the most.

Can I have a bad credit report if I do not have a credit card to begin with?

Yes.  You don’t have to have a credit card to have bad credit. If you have or have had a student loan, auto loan or mortgage that you have been late making payments or defaulted on, then your credit score would have been negatively affected.  Likewise if you have had a credit card in the past that you managed irresponsibly then there could be damage on your credit report for up to seven years from the date that any of your old accounts were opened.  Additionally, if you have any accounts in collections (e.g. medical or utility bills), your credit would have suffered.  Lastly, if you have declared bankruptcy in the last 10 years, then your credit is probably pretty bad.

If none of these things apply for you and your are still unable to get a loan, then you probably have no credit, in which case you may want to apply for a secured credit card.  With a secured credit card, a deposit starting at $200, acts as collateral against your loan, and you can start building/improving your credit history with very little risk to you or your lender.

How long before my new credit card shows up on my report?

Your new credit card will show up on your credit report roughly a month after you receive the card in the mail.  This first record of your new account on your credit report will mark the end of your first billing cycle.  Each credit card company reports according to its own schedule, therefore there is no set industry standard date for reporting.  Usually, most credit card companies report to the credit bureaus within a couple days of the close of your billing cycle, which falls roughly on the same date every month.  For example, if your billing cycle ended on the 15th of each month, your credit card issuer might report to the bureaus on the 16th or the 17th of each month.  Given that you haven’t received your first statement, you can call your new credit card issuer to find out when your billing cycle begins and ends.

I just found out today I am 67 days past due on one of my credit cards. What kind of trouble have I put my self into?

Credit card companies report you as being delinquent to the three major bureaus after you have been late on your payment for 30 days or more.  In your case, you have been late for 67 days, so your credit score will have already been affected.  Your credit card issuer reports to the three major credit bureaus every thrity days, so it is very important that you make a payment immediately to avoid being reported as 90 days delinquent, at which point your credit score will take another hit.  The effect that your late status will have on your credit score will be marginal and can be repaired, if you practice responsible behavior for the next 12 months.
However, you should check your next credit card statement carefully or call your credit card company now, because your interest rate very well may have gone up (perhaps considerably) due to your late status.  Being this late on your credit card payment could have a costly effect on your wallet, depending on if or how much your interest rate has increased.  If it has skyrocketed, you should try to pay your balance off in full.  If you can’t do that, you may want to consider a balance transfer.

How much should I deposit on a new secured credit card?

The minimum deposit needed to open a secured credit card account is $200.  However, with a secured card, your security deposit represents the amount of credit that will be extended to you, so the higher the deposit the higher the credit line.  The activity on a secured card is reported to the major credit bureaus just as is the activity on an unsecured credit card.  Given that lenders like to see that you have been extended long lines of credit, a large deposit on a secured account looks favorable on your credit report.  Plus, if you plan to make purchases with the card, a larger deposit will get you more usage.

If all you have right now is $200, the go ahead and apply for your secured card now.  You can add more money to your deposit account, thereby increasing your credit line, any time you like.

What credit cards can I apply for with a co-signer?

There are no credit cards that you can apply for with a co-signer.  All credit card offers, terms and interest rates are based on the credit history of the individual.  Credit cards are not like auto loans or home loans, in which cases, co-signers are allowed.  If you are unable to get an unsecured line of credit without a cosigner, then you should apply for a secured credit card, where a security deposit serves a collateral against your loan in the place of a co-signer.
On the other hand, if by co-signer, you meant authorized user, then yes, this is something that you can do with a credit card.  An authorized user on a credit card is someone who has access to usage on the account, but is not responsible for the bill.  The primary account holder is fully responsible for the bill, however, the activity on the card will show up on the authorized user’s credit report.

Which credit bureaus do credit card companies check?

When you fill out a credit card application the credit card issuer will check all three major credit bureaus – TransUnion, Experian and Equifax.  Your credit report should be very similar or the exactly the same across all three bureaus.  If it is not, you may want to check for inaccuracies.

Before deciding to approve or deny your application any credit card company will look very closely at the timeliness of your payments across all of your revolving accounts, the length of your relationships with your lenders and the percentage of the credit that’s been extended to you that you are using at the time of application.

I have excellent credit and want a balance transfer. How and where do I compare credit card offers?

Given that you have excellent credit, you may be able to get a very low or zero percent introductory interest rate on a balance transfer credit card.  Before you fill out your new credit card application, make sure you can afford the standard APR associated with the card.  This will be your rate once the introductory offer expires.   You should compare credit cards based on other factors such as annual fees and reward programs and can do so by visiting CardHub.com.

I am applying for a secure credit card, but why do I need a co-applicant?

You don’t need a co-applicant to get approved for a secured credit card.  A secured credit card will help you build credit history with both low risk to you and your lender.  The only difference between a secured card and a regular credit card is that with a secured card, your credit limit matches the amount of the deposit you put down – this usually starts around $200.00.  This deposit acts as your collateral.  Your credit limit can be as little or as much as you choose – you can up your limit simply by adding more to the initial amount you deposit.  The great thing about a secured credit card is that it can act as a personal savings account while building your credit history at the same time.

Will it ruin your credit if you make one late payment on your credit card account?

No.  It won’t ruin your credit, and unless you are 30 days or more late, the late payment will not even show up on your credit report.  That being said, this is a very bad habit to get into, so make sure you don’t do it again.  Even if you are just one day late, your credit card company will assess a late fee on your account.  If you are more than 30 days late, your credit card company will report you to the credit bureaus and this one late payment will stay on your credit report for seven years, even though it will only have a marginal impact on your actual credit score after the first couple of years.  The bottom line is that you should everything you can to pay your credit card bill on time EVERY time.

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